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Okay, here is an English essay discussing the key points to pay attention to when writing an essay about Du Fu (杜甫).
"Title: Navigating the Poetic Landscape: Key Considerations When Writing an Essay About Du Fu"
Du Fu (杜甫), often revered as the "Sage of Poetry" (诗圣) in China, stands as one of the greatest literary figures in the Tang Dynasty. His works, characterized by profound humanism, meticulous craftsmanship, and a deep reflection on his时代 (times), offer a rich subject matter for essays. However, writing effectively about Du Fu requires more than just admiration for his poetry; it demands a thoughtful approach. Several key considerations are crucial for crafting a compelling and insightful essay.
"Firstly, a solid understanding of Du Fu's life and historical context is paramount." His poetry is deeply intertwined with the turbulent events of his era, particularly the An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱). To truly appreciate the meaning and impact of his verses, one must grasp the social upheaval, political corruption, and personal hardships he experienced. Understanding the circumstances of composition – when and why he wrote a particular poem – allows for a more nuanced interpretation. For instance, his "Three Years Without News" (春望) powerfully conveys grief and anxiety born directly from the war and separation from his family. Without this historical grounding, analysis risks becoming superficial or detached from the poet's lived reality.
"Secondly, careful analysis of
491st article第491期双语推文
As the cradle of Chinese culture, Zhengzhou is the birthplace of numerous cultural celebrities. These cultural celebrities carved out a niche for the city in history and evinced its spirits.
作为中华文化重要发祥地的郑州,曾涌现出许多文化名流。他们在文明发展的历史长河中为城市定位,用风骨魁奇来展现中原大地从古至今的文化流韵。
The BBC launched a documentary, Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet on the 7th of April, introducing Du's splendid life to the world.
4月7日,BBC推出了纪录片Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet(《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》),向人们介绍杜甫波澜壮阔的一生。
Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet(《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》
Du Fu was titled as "the greatest poet" in the documentary. It was the first time he was introduced to the world in the form of a documentary.
纪录片里杜甫被冠以“中国最伟大的诗人”,这也是第一次以纪录片的方式,被详细地介绍给全世界。
图片为BBC纪录片《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》截图
Historian Michael Wood, one of BBC's most popular presenters, directed this documentary, in which he not only traces the turbulent life of the "master of poetry," but also follows in his footsteps and retraces his path, from Zhengzhou (Gongyi), Xi'an, to Chengdu and Changsha, from the time he was born to the time he rose to the heights of working for China's emperor, from the Heyday of Kaiyuan to the war time.
这部纪录片由BBC最受欢迎的主持人之一、历史学家迈克尔·伍德(Michael Wood)执导,在片中他走访探寻了唐代诗人杜甫一生的足迹,从郑州(巩义)、西安,到成都、长沙,从出生到入仕,从开元盛世到战乱流离,回溯了诗人颠沛流离的一生。
图片为BBC纪录片《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》截图
Du Fu was born and brought up in Nanyaowan Village, Zhanjie Town, which is 10 kilometers east of downtown Gongyi, Zhengzhou.
距离郑州巩义市区东10 公里的站街镇南瑶湾村,是杜甫出生并曾经生活的地方。
As you enter the Hometown of Du Fu Scenic Area, you will see a tall sculpture of Du Fu facing the gate. Most buildings in the scenic area are red-tone wooden structures decorated with Tang-style grey tiles, possessing old quaint charm. The scenic area mainly has three sections: poetry exhibit area, cave of birth and poet exhibit area, among which the cave is most noteworthy. Legend has it that Du Fu was born in the cave.
进入杜甫故里,正对着大门的,是一尊大大的杜甫塑像,景区内的建筑均以木质结构为主体,以红色为基调,再配以灰色顶瓦的唐代风格,整体样式古色古香,颇具韵味。景区按内容,主要分为三大板块——诗歌展示区、诞生窑以及诗人展区。其中,最值得一看的,就是诞生窑了,相传杜甫便是出生在这个小小的窑洞里。
图片来源:杜甫故里景区
Bijia Mountain, named after its shape, is a hill rather than a lofty mountain. There is a small basin at the rear of the mountain which takes after an inkstone. According to folk tale, Du Fu used the basin as his inkwell.
窑洞所处的笔架山并非峻拔的山峰,而是一座不太高的黄土丘,因为看上去像笔架才得名的。山后有一个自然形成的小盆地,形状如同砚台,这就是民间传说杜甫磨墨作诗的“砚台池”。
图片来源:杜甫故里景区
The cave was repaired in the Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty. Now, a charcoal portrait of Du Fu hangs on the wall. Across from the cave is a grey tile-roofed three-room museum, which houses different editions of Du Fu collections, theses on Du Fu's poetry, genealogy and tracks. To the left of the cave is a stone stele carved with "Tang Du Gongbu Fu's Tablet" (gongbu: a post at the Ministry of Works) in regular script in the front.
窑洞曾在元、明之间进行过维修。现在,窑壁正中悬挂着杜甫的炭精画像,窑门正对面是三间青砖瓦房纪念室,陈列有历代多种杜诗版本和研究杜诗的论文,还有杜甫世系表和行迹图等。窑洞左侧有一通青石碑,正面楷书大字为“唐杜工部讳甫位”。
100 meters southwest of the yard is a quaint stele, engraved with "Former Home of Tang Du Gongbu" on the front. North of the stele lies a tablet carved with Record of Tang Du Gongbu Wenzhen Stele.It was built by Du Fu's 34th-generation and 35th-generation descendants in the 12th year of Emperor Tongzhi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1873).院西南100 米处的村边路旁,竖立着一座古典雅致的碑楼,石碑正面楷书“唐杜工部故里”。碑楼北侧嵌青石刻一方,为《唐工部文贞公碑记》,是杜甫34 和35 代后裔在清同治十二年(1873 年) 合立的。
图片来源:杜甫故里景区
In 1962, it was established as "Du Fu Former Home Museum". In 2007, in order to promote traditional culture and revere Du Fu, the Gongyi Municipal People's Government restored Du Fu's Former Home in line with national AAAA scenic areas.
1962 年,这里正式被辟为“杜甫故里纪念馆”。2007 年,为了弘扬传统文化,同时缅怀圣贤,巩义市政府按照国家4A 级旅游景区重塑了杜甫故里。
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部分素材:BBC、中国诗歌网、杜甫故里景区
今天下午,作为“书香·上海之夏”名家新作系列讲座之一,复旦大学中文系教授陈引驰、浙江大学马一浮书院特聘教授傅杰,在上海图书馆共同向读者讲述了史学大师洪业笔下的中国“诗圣”杜甫,并由其学术专著《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》引出海外汉学视野之中的杜甫诗研究等话题,引发读者强烈兴趣。
2020春天,BBC纪录片《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》在英国热播。这部文学纪录片的主角不是莎士比亚,而是被冠以“诗圣”之名的中国唐朝诗人杜甫。正如纪录片的片名,书中诸多杜诗的翻译,都遵循着中国史学家洪业的文字。
1952年,59岁的洪业在北美以英文完成《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》(以下简称为《杜甫》),由哈佛大学出版社出版。全书引证、译注了三百七十四首杜诗,融合史事,逐一析释。由中国人用英语撰写的杜甫研究专著,这是第一部,在当时的西方汉学界产生了重要的影响,《杜甫》也成为杜诗传播史上一部里程碑式的著作。今年五月,《杜甫》由上海古籍出版社再版推出。
“杜甫诗作的高度,不仅仅为中国古典诗歌史所目见,正如在1950年代,杜甫传记研究成为全球范围内的学术热点,”陈引驰介绍说。
同样在1952年,中国诗人冯至在国内出版了或许是他最重要的学术著作《杜甫传》。1950年,日本现代最主要的杜甫学者吉川幸次郎结集出版他早期的研究《杜甫私记》(中译《读杜札记》)。1956至1957年,现代中国杜诗研究大家萧涤非先后出版《杜甫研究》上下卷……而洪业的《杜甫》共分两册,上册以诗为史,连缀起诗人的生平;下册是子注,注明出处,比较中外翻译,辩驳前人之误。偏重史实是该著述最大的特点,面世68年至今,仍为海外推崇为研究杜甫最权威性的著作。
杜甫,被公认为文体和诗歌的语言大师,他的魅力吸引一代代汉学家趋之若鹜。譬如在BBC纪录片《杜甫:中国最伟大的诗人》中出镜的,就有美国唐诗研究领域首屈一指的汉学家、哈佛大学教授宇文所安。他花了八年的时间,翻译了杜甫诗全集,在2016年完成出版了首部杜甫诗英文全译本(六卷),在他看来,杜甫是中国文学史上的特殊存在,如同英国文学史上的莎士比亚。
“这部纪录片开宗明义,直言杜甫是中国最伟大的诗人。是最伟大的诗人,还是最伟大的诗人之一?——我想今天再做争论实无必要。”傅杰认为,杜甫对历代诗人的影响是深刻的。虽然同时代的人并没有给他很高评价,但到了中晚唐时期,诗坛已将杜甫视为标杆。元稹认为其诗“尽得古今之体势,而兼人人之所独专矣”。杜甫作品的丰富多样成为一个泉源,此后每一时代的诗人都能从杜诗中发现他们所要寻找的东西。而由宋代“千家注杜”的开启的“杜甫热”,成为后世学杜诗、传杜诗、研究杜诗的一种文化现象。
“对于杜甫诗歌艺术成就之高,古今学人留下评点赞誉数不胜数,如程千帆先生曾以‘集大成者’赞美他。但杜诗的精神意义,更是留给后世的财富。”傅杰说他自己现在读到“但使残年饱餐饭,只愿无事常相见”时仍不免眼眶发红,“凡经历世事无常的人生,读到杜甫笔下最平凡的文字都能潸然落泪。杜诗的灵魂,是可以与阅历千帆的人生不期而遇的。”
陈引驰认为,从孔子开始,“尽善尽美”就是文艺最高的原则,而杜甫不妨是最好的典型。他的诗当然自觉地探索了种种新的形式和艺术的可能性,笼罩了后代许多的努力方向,但同时,或许更重要的是由实实在在书写自己的经历,抒发了关怀天下的情思,因而成为那个时代的“诗史”。
上世纪八十年代,学者陈毓贤以口述实录的方式为晚年的洪业立传。《杜甫》是洪业唯一的一本学术专著,在他生命中占很大的分量。但洪业却是一个没有太多热度的近代学人,经过近些年的研究和推介,才渐渐的为人所知。
事实上,在他的主持下,燕京大学建造了一流的中文图书馆,编纂和出版了精彩的《燕京学报》和一套实用的“哈佛-燕京引得丛书”。在洪业的一生中,倾心倾力栽培人才,齐思和、翁独健、聂崇岐、瞿同祖、谭其骧、侯仁之、周一良……他们后来都成为蜚声学苑的治学大家。不仅如此,他还为保护中国敦煌文物不外流做出过杰出贡献,这些史料都值得被今天的学人反复铭记。
照片来源:上海图书馆、BBC纪录片《杜甫》、上海古籍出版社书影等
作者:童薇菁
编辑:吴钰
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