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英文原版书阅读《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-4

<The Little Prince>《小王子》英文阅读笔记第1-3部分

英文原版书阅读 |《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-1

英文原版书阅读《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-2

英文原版书阅读《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-3

<The Little Prince> Chapter 1, Part 4 《小王子》第1章第4部分

【原文】

In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been concerned with matters of consequence. I have lived a great deal among grown-ups. I have seen them intimately, close at hand. And that hasn't much improved my opinion of them.

Whenever I met one of them who seemed to me at all clear-sighted, I tried the experiment of showing him my Drawing Number One, which I have always kept. I would try to find out, so, if this was a person of true understanding. But, whoever it was, he or she would always say: "That is a hat." Then I would never talk to that person about boa constrictor, or primeval forests, or stars. I would bring myself down to his level. I would talk to him about bridge, and golf, and politics, and neckties. And the grown-up would be greatly pleased to have met such a sensible man.

【核心词】

1. encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)/

(v.) to experience something, especially something unpleasant or difficult遭遇、遇到

同义词词组： meet with, run into

E.g., We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week. 我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。

(v.) (formal正式用法) to meet somebody, or discover or experience something, especially somebody/something new, unusual or unexpected 偶然碰到；意外地遇见；与...邂逅

同义词词组： come across

E.g., She was the most remarkable woman he had ever encountered. 她是他所见到过的最出色的女性。

2. consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/

(n.) 作为可数名词： a result of something that has happened 结果；后果

E.g., This decision could have serious consequences for the industry. 这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。

(n.) 作为不可数名词的正式用法：importance重要性

E.g., Don’t worry. It’s of no consequence. 别担心，这无关紧要。

Idioms相关习语

in consequence of something=as a result of something 由于；作为...的结果

E.g., The child was born deformed in consequence of an injury to his mother. 由于母亲受过伤，这小孩生下来是畸形。

3. intimately /ˈɪntɪmətli/

(adv.) in a way that involves detailed knowledge 熟悉地

E.g., He did not feel he had got to know them intimately. 他觉得自己不必和他们亲密熟悉。

(adv.) in a private and personal way 亲切地、私下地

E.g., Our mind, body, and spirit are intimately connected. 我们的心灵，身体，和思想都密切联系着。

4. clear-sighted /ˌklɪə ˈsaɪtɪd/

(adj.) Understanding or thinking clearly 头脑清楚的、敏锐的，洞察力强的

E.g., He was clear-sighted enough to keep a sense of perspective. 他很有见识，能保持正确的判断力。

5. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/

(n.) a scientific test that is done in order to study what happens and to gain new knowledge 实验；试验

相关短语：

to do/perform/conduct an experiment 做实验

proved by experiment 经过实验证明

laboratory experiments 实验室实验

E.g., Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals. 许多人不赞成在动物身上做试验。

(n.) a new activity, idea or method that you try out to see what happens or what effect it has 尝试；实践

E.g., I’ve never cooked this before, so it’s an experiment. 我以前从未做过这种菜，所以这是一个尝试。

这个意思后面常搭配的介词是in, experiment in something

E.g., the country’s brief experiment in democracy 这个国家对民主的短暂尝试

6. necktie /ˈnektaɪ/

Another term for tie 领带，打领带： tie a necktie

E.g., Your necktie doesn’t match your suit at all. 你的领带跟你的西装一点也不搭配。

7. sensible /ˈsensəb(ə)l/

(adj.) able to make good judgements based on reason and experience rather than emotion; practical 明智的；理智的；合理的；切合实际的

这个意思常用于人或者人的行为

E.g., I think that’s a very sensible idea. 我看这个主意很合理。

(adj.) useful rather than fashionable 朴素而实用的

这个意思常用于衣服、鞋帽等

E.g., Mum always made me have sensible shoes. 妈妈总让我穿实用的鞋。

(adj.) aware of something 意识到；认识到

这个意思常用在正式场合，也属于文学的表达

E.g., I am sensible of the fact that mathematics is not a popular subject. 我知道数学课不受欢迎。

【长难句拆解+语法点】

长句：

In the course of this life, I have had a great many encounters with a great many people who have been concerned with matters of consequence.

主干： I have had encounters我有很多的经历

in the course of this life, 介词短语作状语，修饰整个句子，表示时间范围，译为“在这一生中”

a great many, 形容词短语作定语，修饰宾语encounters, 译为“许多的”

with a great many people, 介词短语作状语，修饰encounters, 译为“与...的交集”

who have been concerned with matters of consequence, 定语从句，修饰先行词people, 译为“总是顾及后果的人”，是对people人的限定描述。

在这个定语从句中，主语是who, 指代先行词people; 谓语是have been concerned with, 现在完成时，译为“一直都在关心、关注”；matters of consequence是宾语，是从句中谓语动词的承受对象，译为“事情的后果、结果”。

【试译】

一生中，我有许多次与众多成年人相遇的经历，他们一直都关心事情的结果。我生活在成年人当中，曾近距离地观察他们，但这并没有改变我对他们的看法。

每当我遇到一个我觉得有洞察力的人，我就尝试做个试验：我把一直珍藏的我的一号作品拿给他看。我想弄明白对方是不是真的理解。但无论谁看了我的画，他们都说“这是一顶帽子。”之后我就再也不和这人聊蟒蛇、原始森林或星星了。我会迁就他的认知水平。我会和他聊桥牌、高尔夫、政治和领带。而成年人总会为遇到这样一个切合实际的人感到满心欢喜。

今天的学习就到这里，《小王子》第一章精读也结束了。谢谢你的陪伴，欢迎交流～

Ps: 学习单词的英英释义，我使用的词典是New Oxford American Dictionary

期待下一篇笔记～

英文原版书阅读《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-3

<The Little Prince>《小王子》英文阅读笔记第1-2部分

英文原版书阅读 |《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-1

英文原版书阅读《小王子》精读笔记 | 生词长难句拆解 Chapter 1-2

<The Little Prince> Chapter 1, Part 3 《小王子》第一章第3部分

【原文】

So then I chose another profession and learned to pilot airplanes. I had flown a little over all parts of the world, and it is true that geography has been very useful to me. At a glance, I can distinguish China from Arizona. If one gets lost in the night, such knowledge is valuable.

【试译】

于是我选择了别一个职业，并且学习了开飞机。我几乎飞遍了世界各地，地理确实对我非常有用。我一瞥，就能分清中国和美国的亚利桑那州。如果一个人在夜里走迷了路，像地理这样的知识是很有用的。

【核心词】

1. profession /prəˈfeʃn/
(n.) a paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged training and a formal qualification 职业、行业

E.g., They are both doctors by profession. 他们两人的职业都是医生。

(n.) a statement about what you believe, feel or think about something, that is sometimes made publicly 声明；宣称；表白，近义词： declaration

E.g., a profession of faith 信仰的表白

2. pilot /ˈpaɪlət/

三种词性：

(n.) 名词：

（1）a person who operates the flying controls of an aircraft 飞行员

E.g., The pilot landed the plane safely. 飞行员驾驶飞机安全着陆。

（2）a person with special knowledge of a difficult area of water, for example, the entrance to a harbour, whose job is to guide ships through 领航员；引水员

E.g., A good pilot knows the sea very well. 一名优秀的领航员对这片海域非常了解。

（3）a single television programme that is made to find out whether people will like it and want to watch further programmes（电视的）试播节目

E.g., We watched a pilot about space yesterday. 昨天我们看了一部关于太空的电视视播节目。

(v.) 动词：

(1) to fly an aircraft or guide a ship; to act as a pilot驾驶（飞机）；领航（船只）

原文中的pilot就是这个意思，“我”只好放弃了绘画，去学开飞机了。

E.g., The plane was piloted by the instructor. 飞机由教练员驾驶。

(2) pilot something (through something) to guide somebody or something somewhere, especially through a complicated place or system引导；使通过（尤指复杂的地方或系统）

E.g., She piloted a bill on the rights of part-time workers through parliament. 她几经周折终于使兼职人员权利法案在议会中得以通过。

(3) to test a new product, idea, etc. with a few people or in a small area before it is introduced everywhere试点；试行

E.g., The school will pilot a new programme next month. 学校下个月将试行一项新的阅读计划。

(adj.) 形容词:

done on a small scale to see if something is successful enough to do on a large scale试验性的；试点的

E.g., a pilot project/study 试点性项目/研究

3. glance /ɡlɑːns/

两种词性：

(v.) 动词：

(1) to look quickly at something/somebody瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视

E.g., She glanced at her watch. 她匆匆看了看表。

(2) to read something quickly and not thoroughly浏览；粗略地看

可以搭配的介词有： glance at/down/over/through something, 这个意思的同义词是scan

E.g., She glanced through the report. 她大致浏览了一下报告。

(n.) 名词：

(1) a quick look, glance at somebody/something 匆匆一看；一瞥；扫视

to take/have a glance at the newspaper headlines匆匆看一眼报纸的大标题

(2) a
cursory/brief/casual/furtive glance 草草的╱短暂的╱不经意的╱偷偷的一瞥

E.g., The sisters exchanged glances (= looked at each other). 姐妹们相互对视了一下。

Idioms相关习语：

at a (single) glance 立刻；一眼；（只）看一眼

at first glance 乍一看；乍看之下

4. distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

(v.) to recognise the difference between two people or things区分；辨别；分清

distinguish between A and B 在A和B之间区分

distinguish A from B 从B中把A区分出来

近义词是differentiate 区别

E.g., At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? 儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？

(v.) to be a characteristic that makes two people, animals or things different成为...的特征；使具有...的特色；使有别于

这个用法不能用于现在进行时

E.g., What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? 是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？

(v.) to be able to see or hear something看清；认出；听出

I could not distinguish her words. 我听不清她说的话。

(v.) to do something so well that people notice and admire you使出众；使著名；使受人青睐

E.g., She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. 作为运动员，她已享有盛名。

5. Arizona /ˌærɪˈzəʊnə/

名词，一个地名：美国亚利桑那州

6. valuable /ˈvæljuəb(ə)l/

(adj.) very useful or important很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的

E.g., The book provides valuable information on recent trends. 这本书就近来的发展趋势提供了宝贵的信息。

(adj.) worth a lot of money很值钱的；贵重的

E.g., Luckily, nothing valuable was stolen. 幸运的是，没有贵重物品被偷。

反义词： valueless, worthless毫无价值的

【语法点解析】

1. 过去完成时

原文： I had flown a little over all parts of the world.

语法点： had flown 是过去完成时结构 (had+动词的过去分词)； flown是fly的过去分词（不规则变化）

用法：过去完成时表示在过去某个时间点之前就已经完成的动作。

2. 动词不定式作宾语

原文： learned to pilot airplanes

语法点：learn to do something是固定搭配；to pilot是动词不定式，作动词learned的宾语，学习的内容。

拓展：类似的结构还有want to do/decide to do

3. 形式主语it + 真正主语从句

原文： and it is true that geography has been very useful to me.

语法点： it是形式主语，代表真正的主语，也就是that后面的从句geography has been very useful to me.

用法：避免句子头重脚轻，是中学写作提升的常用句式。

4. 现在完成时

原文： geography has been very useful to me.

语法点： has been是现在完成时结构 (have/has + 过去分词)

用法：强调“地理有用”这个状态是从过去持续到现在，对现在仍有影响。

5. if引导的条件状语从句（主将从现的变形）

原文： if one gets lost in the night, such knowledge is valuable.

语法点：if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时gets lost, 主句用一般现在时is valuable.

拓展：标准的“主将从现”是从句一般现在时，主句用将来时；而原文中这句话描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，这是常见的考点。

6. get lost

get + 过去分词，构成被动含义的短语动词

get是半系动词，相当地be, 但更强调动作发生的过程。

lost是动词lose的过去分词，在这句中作形容词使用，意思是“迷路的，走失的”

今天的学习结束

Ps: 学习单词的英英释义，我使用的词典是New Oxford American Dictionary

期待下一篇笔记～